Cause-Effect Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cause-Effect Analysis - Essay Example Mobile devices possess vulnerabilities that make them attractive and easy targets for exploitation. The first major cyber threat to mobile devices stems from the size and portability nature of these devices. Since these devices contain sensitive and large volumes of information, theft or loss of a mobile device can be a major problem to the user. These devices are packed with volumes of information related to the owner of the device. Unfortunately, people accidentally leave these devices in cars, airplanes and hotels (National Computer Board, 2011). In addition, it is easy for such devices to be stolen from one’s bag or pocket, especially in crowded places. If the device ends up the hands of criminals, critical information such as bank account numbers, emails, passwords and PINs can be accessed (US-CERT, 2010). With such information, the criminal is in a position to carry out various activities without the knowledge of the user. For example, the criminal may transfer a given sum of money from the victim’s account within a short period of time. Due to the portable nat ure and size of these devices, they can easily be misplaced or stolen. The loss of the device is not the only threat to these devices. Mobile devices are vulnerable to malware in similar ways to desktop computers. There are specific malware that have been targeted to these devices. These are usually transmitted when one downloads applications that contain malware. In many cases, mobile malware is contained in most of the applications available for free on the internet, and these usually masquerade as security software of games. For instance, in a paper by the US Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) (2010), the malware known as Ikee.B is discussed. These malware is an iPhone worm that is able to search and forward financial information that is stored on iPhones. Therefore, as the example shows, malware can also be used to

Metaphysics Essay 3 Essay Example for Free

Metaphysics Essay 3 Essay PLEASE WRITE A 1250-1500 WORD ESSAY IN RESPONSE TO THE PROMPT STATED BELOW. IN WRITING THIS ESSAY, YOU SHOULD USE THE TEXTBOOK AND CLASSROOM DISCUSSION AS YOUR FOUNDATION. YOU SHOULD NOT TRY TO SUMMARIZE THE READING ASSIGNMENTS IN TURN, BUT ONLY THOSE PARTS THAT ARE RELEVANT TO DEALING WITH THE PROMPT AND FOR SETTING UP AND HELPING TO EXPLAIN THE CRITICAL REMARKS IN YOUR PAPER. IN THIS PAPER YOU SHOULD HAVE YOUR OWN THESIS TO DEFEND ABOUT THE QUESTION IDENTIFIED IN THE PROMPT. YOU ARE NOT REQUIRED TO USE ANY SOURCES OTHER THAN THE ONES FOR THIS UNIT AND YOUR OWN MIND. HOWEVER, YOU ARE PERMITTED TO USE SUCH ADDITIONAL SOURCES. FOR ANY SOURCES YOU USE, EXCEPT YOUR OWN MIND, YOU SHOULD PROVIDE DOCUMENTATION IN ONE OF THE USUAL WAYS. THIS INCLUDES THIS COURSE=S TEXTBOOK, AND APPLIES BOTH TO SUMMARIZED AND PARAPHRASED MATERIAL DRAWN FROM ANY OF THESE SOURCES. THE PAPER SHOULD BE WORD PROCESSED AND PRESENTED IN THE FORM OF A PAPER, NOT OF AN EXAM. IN OTHER WORDS, THERE SHOULD BE A TITLE AND INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH WHERE YOUR THESIS IS CLEARLY STATED AND THE PLAN OF YOUR DISCUSSION EXPLAINED. THIS IS LIKE A UNIT EXAM, BUT I WISH TO MAKE THIS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR YOU TO PRACTICE THE MECHANICS OF PAPER WRITING. Prompt BEGIN BY EXPLAINING WHY THE QUESTION OF WHY THERE IS SOMETHING RATHER THAN NOTHING CAN REASONABLY BECOME THE QUESTION OF WHETHER THERE ARE ANY NECESSARY BEINGS. NEXT DESCRIBE TWO WAYS OF ARGUING FOR THE EXISTENCE OF A NECESSARY BEING. (THERE IS MORE THAN ONE WAY IN EACH OF THE CHAPTERS. ) COMPARE AND CONTRAST YOUR SELECTED TWO WAYS AND DEFEND A THESIS ABOUT WHICH OF THE TWO SEEMS A BETTER (OR LESS WORSE) WAY TO ARGUE FOR THE EXISTENCE OF A NECESSARY BEING.

The Theme of Identity in Sonnys Blues Essay example -- Literary Analy

James Baldwin's short story "Sonny's Blues" highlights the struggle because community involvement and individual identity. Baldwin's "leading theme - the discovery of identity - is nowhere presented more successfully than in the short story 'Sonny's Blues" (Reilly 56). Individuals breeds isolation and even persecution by the collective, dominant community. This conflict is illustrated in three ways. First, the story presents the alienation of Sonny from his brother, the unnamed narrator. Second, Sonny's legal problems suggest that independence can cause the individual to break society's legal conventions. Finally, the text draws heavily from biblical influences. Sonny returns to his family just like the prodigal son, after facing substantial trials and being humiliated. The story's allusion to the parable of the prodigal son reflects Baldwin's profound personal interest in Christianity and the bible. First of all, the identity of Sonny is contrasted sharply with his brother, the narrator. The most obvious difference between the two is their names. Sonny's name is prominent and part of the story's theme. Sonny's brother, on the other hand, is never given a name. Despite being the voice and the perspective of the story, the narrator does not have a distinct identity. He is known solely by his relationship with others, his status as a brother, a son, a husband and a father. The omission of the brother's name by the author is clearly intended. By having no defined identity, the brother stands in as the representative of the black community. The narrator is a responsible family man. His job as a high school math teacher illustrates his interest in helping others through education. His decision to marry suggests that he is respons... ...ny does suffer isolation, persecution and imprisonment. However, he finds redemption in the eyes of his brother without sacrificing his individualism. Sonny manages to use music to bridge the gap, taking a greater responsibility for his reintegration into family and community than the prodigal son. Works Cited Albert, Richard. "The Jazz-Blues Motif in James Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blues," College Literature Vol. 11, No. 2 (Spring, 1984): 178-185. Booth, Alison, Hunter, J. Paul and Mays, Kelly (eds.). The Norton Introduction to Literature, Ninth Edition. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, 2005. Reilly, John M. "Sonny's Blues: James Baldwin's Image of black community," Negro American Literature Forum Vol. 4, No. 2 (July, 1970): 55-60. Tackach, James. "The biblical foundation of James Baldwin's 'Sonny's Blues,'" Renascence Vol. 59, No. 2 (2007): 109-117.

Employment Essay

The Organization that we selected as our topic of discussion in our Project Paper is the Wal-Mart Corporation. Sam Walton is the founder of Wal-Mart. He opened his first store called Wal-Mart Discount City in Rogers, Arkansas in July of 1962. Their corporate office is currently located in Bentonville, Arkansas. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. incorporated its stores on October 31, 1969. In 1972, they started selling stock on the New York Stock exchange. Although, though the company has had controversial operational business practices they have grown to be the largest Retail Corporations in the world. In 1997, Wal-Mart was able to become the largest private employer in the United States. In that same year, their annual sales totaled over $105 billion. In 2010, Wal-Mart has over 2. 1 million employees worldwide. There 2010 fiscal year sales exceeded $400 billion dollars (Wal-Mart About Us, 2010). I have been a loyal customer of Wal-Mart for years. Therefore, I was shocked when I found out about some of Wal-Marts questionable unofficial policies through talks with friends and family members who worked for them in the past and some who currently employed by them. My mother in law worked for them from 2006 thru 2008. She was required to work 8-hour shifts without a lunch break on a regular basis. One of my cousins was required to clock out because he was about to be in overtime and continue to work to keep labor cost down. I decided to Google Wal-Mart, to see if other people experienced the same injustice. I was stunned to see some of the practices of this company I loyally supported. According to an article released by the Associated Press on 12/24/08 called Wal-Mart to Pay Workers Up to $640 Million it will pay as much as $640 million to settle 63 lawsuits over wage-and-hour violations, ending years of dispute. Wal-Mart faced 76 similar class action lawsuits in courts across the country as of March 31, 2008. These violations range from having employees clock out and continue to work without pay, denying them with lunch breaks that they are entitled to by law, non-payment for overtime worked. They have also had issues with discrimination against women, resulting, from denying them promotions and paying them less then their male counterpart even though they held the same position, and in some cases, women had seniority over the men (Associated 2008). It is widely known that Wal-Mart pays its associates below the average retail wages. In 2008, the average full time Associate (34 hours per week) earns $10. 84 hourly for an annual income of $19,165. That is $2,000 below the Federal Poverty Line for a family of four. In 2007, Wal-Mart CEO Lee Scott earned $29. 7 million in total compensation, or 1,551 times the annual income of the average full time Wal-Mart Associate. Consequently, large portions of their employees qualify to receive Government Assistance to support their families. They are well aware that they pay their fulltime employees below the poverty level. In fact, Wal-Mart actually encourages their employees to take advantage of the Government Assistant Programs (Wake Up Wal-Mart, 2008). Wal-Mart does not offer its associates affordable healthcare insurance benefits. According to Wal-Mart employees, when they complained about high the cost of the insurance and lack of coverage it offers their managers would simply suggest that they try to qualify for Medicaid or Medicare. According to Wal-Mart Facts. om, If an average full-time Wal-Mart employee chooses the least expensive family coverage plan, they would have to spend over 20% of their income before the health insurance provided any reimbursement. An average full time Wal-Mart Associate faces a serious family health issue. They have to pay the entire out-of-pocket maximum for the least expensive health plan, which adds up to pay 53% of their income (Wake Up Wal-Mart, 2008). I am just a customer of Wal-Mart. I am an accountant, so I budget my money pretty well and I love a good bargain. However, when I look at this organization and their business practices all I see is greed. Therefore, as a customer I have to question my whether or not to continue to support this business if they persist on behaving in such an manner that is clearly unfair to its employees. This is not a struggling organization. It brings in sales exceeding $100 billion annually. Wal-Mart has the resources to make their employees NEEDS a priority. I would like to believe that they are sincerely willing to make the necessary changes. Wal-Mart’s management behaves immorally towards its employees. They do not value their employees’ needs, rights, or the labor laws that the US put into lace to protect them. Wal-Mart’s low price on everyday household products is what sets them apart from other discount retailers. Their employees help make it possible for them to dominate their competitors in the discount retail market and maintain their competitive advantage. It is essential for employees to feel that the company that employs them provides an ethical organizational culture in order for them to feel a sense of job security and to be motivated to be productive for the company. What is Organizational Culture? What type of OC does Wal-Mart reflect?  What effect does their OC have on employee job satisfaction, morale, and performance? What can management do to improve their employee relations? According to our text Organizational Behavior, 11th Edition, a company’s organizational culture is a shared set of beliefs and values within an organization. The culture is the behaviors that employees feel they are required to fit in order to meet the expectations of their organization (Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn, & Uhl-Bien, 2010, p. 12). On of the OCI’s that the Human Synergistic Study addresses the Aggressive/Defensive Culture. The cultural norms are built upon a value structure whereby management puts its own interests before those of its key constituents—its customers, employees, suppliers, and even stockholders. Members place priority on doing what is best for themselves over the long-term best interests of their organization. Previous organizational successes (due to prior leadership, technological patents, or good business strategies) fuel the arrogance and short-term orientation of management and allow Aggressive/Defensive organizations to continue to appear effective—at least for a while. However, as shown by John Kotter and James Heskett’s study of 207 organizations (and consistent with research based on the OCI), this type of value structure prevents organizations from effectively adapting to changes in their environments and ultimately has a negative impact on their financial performance (Human Synergistic 2006). Your business strategies shift; your organization’s values should not. Organizational values guide employee actions and influence business practices. They help provide meaning for employees searching for an emotional connection to work each day. Also known as ground rules or operating principles, at their best values are actionable guidelines, not to be confused with abstract beliefs that are merely â€Å"held† or posted on a plaque (Organizational Values, 2008). † In an Aggressive/Defensive Culture, management tends to have very little value for people. There focus is on setting goals and meeting them by any means necessary. They are very competitive and want to devour the competition. Some of the characteristics of this type of culture are oppositional, competitive, motivated by power, and perfection. Managers may oppose things indirectly, stubborn, always has to be right, avoids admitting mistakes, resists suggestions made by others, and have a strong need to win or dominate. Their members do not feel any sense of job security. Employees typically believe that they have to go with the follow in an effort to avoid the label â€Å"troublemaker† in order to keep their job. They fears managements’ retaliation and often feel as though they are in a hostile work environment (Human Synergistic 2006). Staff turnover is near 20-year highs for many companies. Two research firms, Walker Information and Hudson Institute, recently joined forces to conduct a nationwide employee loyalty study. Their results confirmed that staff loyalty is in short supply. Only 24 percent of employees consider themselves truly loyal, committed to their organization and its goals, and planning to stay at least two years. Thirty-three percent of employees were high risk, not committed and not planning to stay. Thirty-nine percent were classified as trapped. They plan to stay, but are not committed to their employer. Among those who felt they worked for an ethical organization, 55 percent were truly loyal. For those who did not feel they worked for an ethical organization, the loyalty figure was 9 percent (Lowenstein 2006). Creating a culture within the organization that nurtures loyalty, commitment, advocacy and productivity from the moment the new hire walks through the door and throughout the lifecycle of the employee will go a long way to sustaining customer loyalty behavior. The good news is that employees, particularly those in customer service, seek trust and trustworthiness; and they desire to be active contributors to that effort (Lowenstein 2006). The benefits for business of adopting ethical human resource management practices and viewing employees as human capital to be developed and to provide a unique advantage in the marketplace can be utilized as part of a corporate social responsibility strategy. Effective corporate social responsibility requires that along with minimizing harm to the environment, a company needs to be aware of the social impacts of its operations and ensure that they are not harming human stakeholders (Tracey Lloyd 2009). The importance of health insurance as an employee benefit is also illustrated by the fact that more than one quarter of Americans report that they or an immediate family member have encountered job lock, passed up a job opportunity, stayed at a job they would otherwise have quit, or had not retired solely because they needed to keep the health insurance coverage they were receiving. According to another survey, employees are moderately satisfied with their benefits, with 39% of full-time workers reporting this, which is a rise from 32% in 2003 (Reddick 2009). Employers who hope to retain solid, hard-working employees should be prepared to offer basic employee benefits. In addition to salary, good benefits provide important resources that not only help build a positive working relationship between employer and employee but also promote good work habits and financial practices (Thompson 2010). Wal-Mart problem is their leadership style. It reflects many of the characteristics of an Aggressive/Defensive Culture. Its issues stem from them putting their interest before the needs of their members. It does not value its employees as of Human Capital. Employees are just another resource used to achieve the organizational objectives. Wal-Mart leaders invest a lot into making decisions and strategies that will get the best prices for their customers and keep their competitive advantages. Nevertheless, they are not investing enough time and effort in training managers on how to treat their human capital. As a result, managers are presented with problems that they have no been trained for and they avoid the issue or make bad decisions. I find it hard to believe an organization as large and successful as Wal-Mart can make these types of mistakes and they go unrecognized or resolved for so long. Several people had to have been complaining about the errors before having to go before a judge. Considering the validation of the errors during the trial investigation, it is safe to say that if Wal-Mart had done its due diligence prior to trial they would have resolved this pay issue. There is no reason a company of Wal-Mart’s size and resources could not have identified and addressed the discrepancy prior to it escalating to a court issue. Which raises the question of, was this done intentionally or their employees concerns or grievances are not a priority to them. This type of mmoral behavior ultimately leads to employees distrusting the company, resulting in a low morale, lack of motivation, and high turnover. Every company has a distinct set of characteristics that drives the decisions, practices, policies, procedures, and organizational goals, which in turn affects the organizations’ atmosphere. The biggest influences are going to come from the visions and standards that the Senior Leaders of the company. Wal-Mart’s employees do not feel any emotional connection or sense of value from their organization, which leads to a lack of job satisfaction, loyalty, and commitment. Of course, this is going to show up in how employees treat customers. All Wal-Mart has to offer is low prices, there is very little customer service. For example, I pulled up to customerservicescoreboard. com and some one posted this comment. â€Å"Wal-Mart has the worst customer service, worse yet, they ignore any inquiry and advertise that they value it†¦ I really have to commit to not shopping there any more†¦ lines are long, cashiers are slow and don’t even help put bags in carts. Their greeters wont get carts and roll their eyes, the bathrooms are a mess, the shelves are empty, I hope they get what they deserve†¦ ower customer count and lower profits†¦ today I tried once more and wasn’t disappointed, no carts, very long lines and best yet†¦ customer service said there was no manager on duty and there were not customer complaint forms†¦ go figure. mad at Wal-Mart 4/1/10 2:21PM â€Å". In order to change this Wal-Mart has to consider ways to attract and retain productive employees (Customer 2009). Another issue is the lack on emphasis on teamwork. Employees concerns and suggestions have no validity. They are not included in any part of the goal setting or decision making process on the individual store retail level. The â€Å"my way or no way† management attitude does not work. There has to be some compromise. SOLUTIONS Wal-Mart has to change their leadership style. The CEO and other major Leaderships need to take a more active role in establishing acceptable managerial behavioral procedures and rules to direct the organization. Instead of reacting to all of the bad press concerning their employee relations they need to take a more active approach to dealing with all of the stigmas attached to the company. For example, they can start by sending out a corporate communication-notifying managers and employees that the company is about to undergo so major changes to and are about to invest in an organization overhaul that will put just as much value in taking care of the associates that make their sales possible and they put into their valued customers. Wal-Mart can continue to ride the cloud of success with no regards to the long-term ramifications of lack of change, but these are the cost of avoidance. Change will be forced upon them one of two ways. The lawsuits will continue to come and the courts will make to settlements high enough that Wal-Mart will feel the financial sting of their unethical behavior. Secondly, they will start to see a significant decrease in their sales because of the poor customer services rendered by their distrusting, low morale, and unmotivated associates. Considering how large Wal-Mart’s organization is this change would be a major project they could consider doing it in-house, but I suggest they hire an outside consulting firm that to oversee the project in order to get some fresh ideas and strategies. Of course, they would be collaborating with Wal-Marts project team in order to what the deliverables are to complete the project. Wal-Mart Leaders need to ensure total participation by giving the project team the financial and staff resources needed to complete the project. The first step would be to perform a training needs analysis and determine where the practice and policy breakdowns are occurring. Then address the issue, by establishing a new uniform policy, updating the employee handbook, training managers and employees on the new policies, and finally enforcing it. This project will take about a year to prepared, reviewed, and implemented. Prioritization will be according to the most critical needs, such as proper employee pay protocol, anti- discrimination policy training, and team building programs. For example, have a workplace diversity class set up to teach managers how to cultivate diversity and to prevent discrimination. Require that managers have a complete training class annually. Address and investigate all allegations of discrimination immediately. Written documentation is required for discrimination allegation, investigation, and resolution steps that taken. The only way to ensure that employees feel a since of organizational justice is to uphold the companies policies on the matter. Consequently, immediate punishment is required if an employee found guilty of the allegation. Send out corporate communication, notifying employees of the companies’ commitment to improve employee relations. Send the communication via email and display it in high traffic areas. Express managements desire to include employees in some of the decisions that directly affect them by establishing an Employee Involvement Team to be apart of the project. That will help Management and employees address employee concerns and grievances, such as a fair and competitive wages and health insurance package. Allowing employees to be apart of the decision making process will help management get feedback on the best ways to go about achieving up coming goals, while building team commitment, loyalty, and moral. There will be annual policies will be reviews and revision if necessary. Managers and employees will complete skill assessment tests annually. There will be skill-training classes set up to teach managers how to promote effective communication and leadership abilities. Issue training results to department heads and certificates of completion to participants. Finally, collect feedback from the managers and employees to evaluate, results and feelings on the process improvements. Leave a comment section to get their feelings on the companies’ efforts to improve employee relations. Identify remaining problems and work with the In-house Project Team and the Employee Involvement Team to improve them.

Purpose of a Job Description Essay

The primary purpose of a job description is to identify the duties, essential functions and requirements of the position. Job descriptions also serve several other important functions. A good job description can assess work flow and eliminate duplication of effort and also help to assist in the evaluation of the employees’ job performance. It should be a statement of what duties and responsibilities the employee is expected to complete and a means for achieving them. Job descriptions can also be used as recruitment tools, compensation surveys and other benchmarks tools. Job descriptions are used for different purposes by the employee and the Human Resources Department. Human Resource managers, can use job descriptions for employee training and development and establishing and updating performance standards. In general, a job description includes the title, a description of the tasks performed, and information on working conditions. It can also include any other attributes that the employer requires for that position such as: education, knowledge, skills and personality suitability. (Verma, 2007) Many business challenges such as the introduction of new technology, or increased business competition, can be more easily met when employees are well prepared and trained to have the required skills. The company I work for, for example, informs all the employees with the latest updates within the company by sending a letter. With detailed job descriptions, you can compare the actual tasks of employees to what needs to be done within the organization. This helps you easily identify critical areas that need to be addressed, ensuring you have a global view of your organization’s strengths and weaknesses and, at the same time, a detailed view of each employee’s areas of strengths and areas for improvement or change. In the recruitment process, a job description gives potential employees comprehensive information about the job for which they are applying. An accurate and effective job description filters applicants who are being evaluated for the opening – helping generate a higher-quality pool of applicants. It also serves as a resource to the supervisor who is filling a position by helping determine the types of selection tools that should be used when hiring. The Sim-Industries HR department has been in place for 1, 5 years now and they still have not made time to develop job descriptions, because the management did not see this as a priority. The company was in its initial fase and all the employees were expected to be flexible during that period. For example, the finance manager worked in the finance department but was also involved in the human resource department and he was furthermore acting as the PA of the CEO. Currently we have two hundred employees and I believe that it is time to start setting up job descriptions. We need structure and the different kind of functions within the company should be defined. It must be clear what duties a colleague has and what he or she is responsible for within the organization. It will be a lot clearer for new employees to have a job description as they will then have a better understanding what the organization is expecting from them. As I can see now in the organization, many employees do not exactly know what their duties are and who is responsible for what. Therefore I think that we should consider the introduction of another type of management. With for example performance management, we will reach more personal involvement between employees and managers due the fact that the system is based on managing the strategy of the organization. The goals in the organization will be more specific when the managers constantly ask themselves: ‘How are we going to reach that? ’ and ‘Who is responsible for that? ’ When they start using the new system, the strategy will become clearer.

buy custom Healthcare Technologies essay

buy custom Healthcare Technologies essay Introduction The use of technologies in our day-to-day practices has made our operations simpler than even what we thought it could be. This has applied in various fields of study and the healthcare departments are not exceptions. This paper discusses the eMAR Technology innovation that is not only new but has had great impacts on the health sector where it performs high valued roles in the health communications. What Led To The Innovation Of This Technology? Many patients prefer to take their treatments while at home rather than to travel to the hospitals and lie in the wards. Most of them have jobs to do that require them to be at all the time attending meaning that they have their time to spend on the working place rather than in hospital beds. The work from home jobs are easily done at home while at the hospitals there could be restrictions on the patiences activities. This doesnt apply to jobs only. Some patients just prefer to take medication from home. Some have the reason to maintain close contacts with their families while others love the home environment. The other reason is that home medication is cheap and preferable as compared to the inpatient medication. What Is It and Its Impact on the Healthcare Systems The eMAR (Electronic Medical Administrative Record) is a point of clinical care that deploys the barcode reader technology to monitor the bedside medication processes. It uses the Wi-Fi and the Bluetooth technologies, which in turn use the Adaptive Frequency Hoping (AFH) to reduce the interference between the contending signals and prevent it from degradation. The devices are connected to the computer system for further information processing. The implementation of the web based version makes the eMAR more effective for use in the healthcare systems. It enables the physicians to arrive at a quality care more efficiently thereby improving on the quality of services and the quality of life. The access to the healthcare at any time has been enhanced by the system therefore allowing for a shared patient database, Internet based anytime access electronic medical record and a disease information database. These advancements have improved the quality of services and enhanced the medical inf ormation consultancy. The system is effective in that the textual, video andaudio messages can be sent and received through it. This capability is enhanced by the wireless scanner capability which allows for remote access to the computer and has a replaceable battery. The cable use can only be enforced by the prices. The scanner collectively works easily with the software environments and has the capability to alert on the range effects if it jeopardizes the whole situation. To top up these advantages is the lightweight of the scanner. The privacy in the case of a web enabled eMAR can be achieved through authentication services. The information entered is encrypted in both sides of communication. Another advantage of using this device is the joint forces achieved by the physicians to attend their patients. The patients can be put under medication with a maintained record that can be a guide to another physician assigned to attend. This is enhanced by the systems performance in ensuring that the medical records are well organized in the system. A nurse reporting late to work for some reasons could simply text a college to help on giving the medications to patients. Its Advantages, Impacts on Consumers and Positive Impacts on Organization The system works in several platforms making it usable in the many environments of need. It could be as well deployed in the areas of limited technological activities since it does not consume too much of the required resources. Moreover, it can be used by practicing physicians to learn since it promotes an error-free medication and has a good reporting system. The long term advantages of a cost effective medical system is realized by the organization. The system allows for a feedback mechanism to the organization through which the organization can improve the approaches to treating patients. Financial Impacts The system has reduced the costs and extraneous medical processes involved in the organization. Users of the system can easily gain access through the Internet and work with it to meet their needs. It has also advocated on the maintenance of the medical records allowing for cross-consultancy among the health field specialists. The Disadvantages on the Organization Despite all these advantages, the system has its own limitations. For this reason, the organization could have a difficult time to implement its usage. The cost of introduction and maintenance of the eMAR system is not friendly especially at the beginning. The requirements are that new computer systems, software, scanners, network and the Internet hardware is to be bought and installed, all done at a cost. The cost of doing this also requires that experts are employed to take on these processes. Another cost needed is that to train the users and the systems failure is to be witnessed. The databases used in the system are human controlled and could be subjected to errors thereby ruining the whole system. It is important to note that the whole system primarily depends on the availability and persistence of the electrical power and the Internet to some extent. On failure the system also fails. It is platform reliable and therefore the interoperability problem exists. The system also seems to be promoting laziness since some physicians will assume their roles are already solved technologically and relax. Technological Improvements There are many technological improvements that can be done on the eMAR to enhance its efficiency. The records can be extended to capture the doctors credentials as well as billing for the medical purposes through the integration of the Automated Billing System. This could help make the operations of the system better. It should as well be able to make scheduling alerts by taking in the information provided by the doctors, enhancing prescriptions for the resisting viruses by intelligently realizing when the viruses have adapted to resist drugs. Recommendations The electronic medical records system will be a benefit to the organization if properly used. Implementations to enable the realization of patients past treatments should be put into focus. The system should be made clear and simple for its Internet usage to enable the efficiency in the utilization by the users from various locations and at all time. It should reduce the health cost greatly with the diagnostic cost reduced as well. Conclusion The innovations in the technological field have enhanced the efficiency of work in various dimensions of practice. One such enhancement to improve the medication operations is the electronic medical record system. Buy custom Healthcare Technologies essay

Free Essays on Treating Aids- The Global Ethical Dilema

Treating AIDS- The Global Ethical Dilemma Statistics show that ninety percent of the world’s 33 million HIV/AIDS cases are in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. These areas are known to be much more deficient and therefore can not afford the drug to help fight AIDS. The quandary for the drug companies is how to make these drugs more inexpensive. These drugs are very much needed. 8 percent of the 38 million people in South Africa are infected with the AIDS virus. Western drug companies face issues of social responsibility in both short and long terms. Their short term responsibility is to deal with the pressure they are receiving from health organizations around the world, global competition, compassion for those unfortunate that can’t be treated, and to maintain a benevolent image. The long term responsibility the industry is faced with is maintaining sufficient revenue to support the goal of developing a cure for AIDS and other diseases. Along with getting the drug to everyone in need, the pharmaceutical industry is fighting to protect the patents on their drugs. Large companies are in business to invest numerous amounts of money to develop drugs. Patents protect the companies from generic copies. Without patents, businesses feel they would not survive. This would be a crisis for world health. This leaves us with the overall problem of who should pay for AIDS drugs around the world? In 1997, the South African government passed a law securing cheaper drugs for its people by allowing local companies to copy patented drugs. It also allowed the AIDS drug to be imported from other countries. By May 2000, five major companies offered to sell the AIDS drug at reduced prices to developing countries, although, various groups pressure the drug companies to reduce their prices even lower for poor countries. An Indian company, Cipla Ltd., announced in February 2001 that it would provide its generic version of the triple... Free Essays on Treating Aids- The Global Ethical Dilema Free Essays on Treating Aids- The Global Ethical Dilema Treating AIDS- The Global Ethical Dilemma Statistics show that ninety percent of the world’s 33 million HIV/AIDS cases are in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. These areas are known to be much more deficient and therefore can not afford the drug to help fight AIDS. The quandary for the drug companies is how to make these drugs more inexpensive. These drugs are very much needed. 8 percent of the 38 million people in South Africa are infected with the AIDS virus. Western drug companies face issues of social responsibility in both short and long terms. Their short term responsibility is to deal with the pressure they are receiving from health organizations around the world, global competition, compassion for those unfortunate that can’t be treated, and to maintain a benevolent image. The long term responsibility the industry is faced with is maintaining sufficient revenue to support the goal of developing a cure for AIDS and other diseases. Along with getting the drug to everyone in need, the pharmaceutical industry is fighting to protect the patents on their drugs. Large companies are in business to invest numerous amounts of money to develop drugs. Patents protect the companies from generic copies. Without patents, businesses feel they would not survive. This would be a crisis for world health. This leaves us with the overall problem of who should pay for AIDS drugs around the world? In 1997, the South African government passed a law securing cheaper drugs for its people by allowing local companies to copy patented drugs. It also allowed the AIDS drug to be imported from other countries. By May 2000, five major companies offered to sell the AIDS drug at reduced prices to developing countries, although, various groups pressure the drug companies to reduce their prices even lower for poor countries. An Indian company, Cipla Ltd., announced in February 2001 that it would provide its generic version of the triple...

Académie Française, the Moderator of the French Language

Acadà ©mie Franà §aise, the Moderator of the French Language The Acadà ©mie Franà §aise, often shortened and simply called  lAcadà ©mie, is an organization which moderates the French language. The primary role of the Acadà ©mie Franà §aise is to regulate the French language by determining standards of acceptable grammar and vocabulary, as well as adapting to linguistic change by adding new words and updating the meanings of existing ones. Due to the status of English in the world, the Acadà ©mies task tends to be focused on lessening the influx of English terms into French by choosing or inventing French equivalents. The Primary Function of the Acadà ©mie Officially, the Article 24 outlines that The primary function of the Acadà ©mie will be to work, with all possible care and diligence, to give our language definite rules and to make it pure, eloquent, and capable of dealing with art and science. Maintaining a Common Linguistic Heritage The Acadà ©mie fulfills this mission by publishing an official dictionary and by working with French terminological committees and other specialized organizations. Strangely, the dictionary is not sold to the general public, so the Acadà ©mies work must be incorporated into society by the creation of laws and regulations by the above-mentioned organizations. Perhaps the most notorious example of this occurred when the Acadà ©mie chose the official translation of email. Obviously, this is all done with the expectation that French speakers will take these new regulations into consideration, and in this way, a common linguistic heritage can theoretically be maintained among French speakers around the world. In reality, this is not always the case. Created by Cardinal Richelieu in 1635 The Acadà ©mie Franà §aise was created by Cardinal Richelieu under Louis XIII in 1635, and the first Dictionnaire de lAcadà ©mie ranà §aise was published in 1694 with 18,000 terms. The most recent complete edition, the 8th, was finished in 1935 and contains 35,000 words. The next edition is currently underway. Volumes I and II were published in 1992 and 2000, respectively, and between them cover A to Mappemonde. When complete, the 9th edition of the Acadà ©mies dictionary will include approximately 60,000 words. Its important to note that this is not a definitive dictionary, as it generally excludes archaic, offensive, slang, specialized and regional vocabulary. Linguistic and Literary Patronage The secondary mission of the Acadà ©mie Franà §aise is that of linguistic and literary patronage. This was not part of the original purpose of lAcadà ©mie, but thanks to grants and bequests, the Acadà ©mie now offers about 70 literary prizes per year. It also awards scholarships and subsidies to literary and scientific societies, charities, large families, widows, underprivileged persons and those who have distinguished themselves by courageous acts. Peer-Elected Members Essentially a linguistic jury, the Acadà ©mie franà §aise is a group of 40 peer-elected members, commonly known as Les Immortels  or  Les Quarante. Being chosen as an Immortel is considered a supreme honor and, except in extreme cases, is a life-long commitment.Since the creation of lAcadà ©mie Franà §aise, there have been more than 700 Immortels who were  chosen for their creativity, talent, intelligence and, of course, particular linguistic adeptness. This range of authors, poets, theater people, philosophers, doctors, scientists, ethnologists, art critics, soldiers, statesmen and churchmen assembles at lAcadà ©mie into a unique group of people who make decisions on how French words should be used by analyzing how they actually are, creating new terms, and determining the beneficiaries of the various awards, scholarships, and subsidies.In October 2011, the Acadà ©mie launched an interactive feature called Dire, Ne pas dire on their website in the hopes of bringing pure French to the cyber masses.

Novel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Novel - Essay Example Whether Ryan will be able to do the justice to the task assigned to him, while solving a mystery of his past simultaneously. There seems to be no clear link between the abduction of his friends and the murder of Katy, except that they both occurred at the same place with a gap of twenty years. It appears as if Ryan is so disturbed by his past that he cannot analyze the situation critically. Dealing professional consignments with personal motives may end up in a blunder, and this is very much the case with Ryan’s search for the truth. In the start of the novel, the narrator explains the relationship between truth and detectives as that of a most desirable woman and her jealous lovers. He also warns the readers in the start that he craves for truth yet he lies (French, p.5). This is the paradox of the story, because Ryan has not revealed his identity of Adam Ryan, who was found in the woods in the summers of 1984. Therefore, Ryan’s services towards truth have been based on a lie. At the end of the novel Ryan receives the punishment for his dishonesty towards his lover, when he is removed from the case as well as he is restricted to a desk job. Ryan was after all not a good detective, because he did not respect the demands of his profession. A detective must use his mind while investigating a crime; he needs to be clear of all the prejudicial biases. The reason why Ryan was taken of the case was the fact that he was involved in similar incidence in the earlier part of his life. If he had been true to his pro fession, he would have not been transferred to the desk job; rather, the maximum that could have happened to him would be cancellation of investigation in only one case. Ryan took the matter personally, his conduct was based on logical fallacies, and as result of which he had to suffer. One can feel apologetic towards Ryan, but on rational grounds it

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Ethics - Essay Example The â€Å"Operation Fast and Furious† was controversial because agents were prevented from making arrest but just to continue gather evidences to make a stronger case. The ancillary ethical dilemma of the case was the invoking of Executive Privilege by President Obama that made Attorney General Eric Holder to withhold the documents that were asked by request that eventually led him to be cited for contempt by Congress at a vote of 255 to 67. 2. Present a Resolution. State specifically WHAT you’re going to do and WHY you’re doing what you’re doing to resolve each of the ethical dilemmas. Be very specific and detailed.   In implementing the â€Å"Operation Fast and Furious† I would make a time table where I would expect results that would justify the operation. One year would be a reasonable allowance to expect result whether to continue the program or not. If within one year there are encouraging arrests of the cartels, then the operation could be continued because it is serving its purpose. But if one year has lapsed and it did not satisfy its justification, then the program should be scrapped. 3. Identify which ethical system(s) support your resolution Before delving in the ethical system that I would use to support my resolution, it is important to note that Eric Holder’s â€Å"Operation Fast and the Furious† is an offshoot of Project Gunrunner which deals with criminals and cartels. Such, the ethical system that would be used in the case should be grounded on reality and pragmatism that is applicable in fighting crimes. Having said that, there are two ethical systems that I would use; first is the hypothetical imperative and the other, utilitarianism. Hypothetical imperative presupposed the necessity of a certain action depending on the conditions that would make such action as an imperative (Pollock, 2012). For example, if we want to nourish ourselves, we have to eat. In the same manner that if we want crim inality (in this case, gunrunning and the cartel) to end, then we have to do something that would put them behind bars. There may be undesirable acts that are necessary (such as letting guns walk on the street) but if the outcome outweighs the risk (utilitarian) of not interdicting illegal firearm sale and it meets the objective of arresting cartels, then the means is justified (Pollock, 2012) and I would continue the operation. In this case, I do not question the ethical ground of â€Å"Operation Fast and the Furious†. I agree with the philosophical premise of the operation of really going after the heads of the cartels to put an end to gun running once and for all (hypothetical imperative). Letting gun runners go scot free for a moment to build a stronger case may be justifiable if that would lead to the arrest of the leaders of the cartels (utilitarian). But when there are loose firearms that could not be tracked and no leaders had been arrested, it is already an indicatio n that the program â€Å"Operation Fast and the Furious† has failed and therefore must be stopped. Moreso when the guns that were sold through the program were found in violent crimes culminating in the killing of a border police officer where he was shot by a gun acquired through â€Å"Operation Fast and Furious†. 4. Integrate any material/concepts learned in the course as your resolution.

Health Care Database Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Care Database Systems - Essay Example Database Management Systems (DBMS) have been introduced to develop and alter these data. Databases are widely employed across the healthcare industry for satisfying a range of needs. As Martin (2008) points out, healthcare databases really assist the industry by performing a range of healthcare functions, including the areas of patient care, hospital administration, and research and education. The author adds that the field of critical care medicine has significantly advanced with the development of well-integrated healthcare databases. Viljoen (2009) argues that these databases are greatly beneficial for physicians to obtain easy access to the previous health history of individual patients and hence to begin treatment as early as possible (p.v). In other words, healthcare databases eliminate the need for a prolonged communication between doctors and patients or any other unwanted delay in treatment. In the current healthcare environment, databases are widely used to facilitate local assessments or evaluations. For instance, health professionals rely on healthcare databa ses for assessing specific outpatient conditions or inpatient hospital events. In addition, these data are increasingly used regionally or nationally for evaluating and comparing the performance of various healthcare systems within or across the industry. As Martin suggests, administrative data provided by healthcare databases can be used for comparing across national boundaries and identifying the differences in healthcare and disease globally. The writer adds that â€Å"administrative healthcare databases are uniquely suitable for epidemiological studies of disease, particularly for studying the incidence or outcome of rare diseases that are impossible to study locally or within traditional cohort studies† (Martin, 2008).  Ã‚  

Workers and the Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Workers and the Economy - Essay Example Leaders of trade unions bargain with the employers and negotiate on the labor contracts on behalf of the members. For Trade unions to be strong and effective, they must attain certain modes of equality, democracy, and even ecological sustainability to ensure fair shares of resources (Coulter, 2014). Trade unions should enhance democracy through union democracy. Union democracy is the governance of any trade unions. Union democracy should ensure equality during elections and also quality and fair elections. Union democracy should also ensure that the executives of that union are representing the interests of the members accurately. Trade unions should, therefore, aspire to create a democratic society because it helps build an independent civil society. An independent society helps the people and members of the union make decisions on the leaders they want (Coulter, 2014). Democracy also helps the leaders to represent the members’ interests, needs and wants. Union democracy is also very important since it aids and trains people on how they should speak for themselves and also express confidence in their communities. A democratic union makes its members free to talk to their leaders about their needs and interests. It helps the members to have a voice in the leadership of t heir unions because they can challenge any authority. Since democracy is a system of ruling that is based on a government of the people, by the people and for the people, it protects the people’s freedom and interests. Democracy is also very crucial as it helps to control the leaders of the trade unions. Democracy prevents the leaders from abusing the power that is bestowed on them and using the leadership positions for their gains. Trade unions should embrace democracy as it avoids autocratic leadership and encourages popular participation (Coulter, 2014). All the members of the union, therefore, have equal opportunities to become informed and are

Professionalism in physical therapy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professionalism in physical therapy - Assignment Example Indeed, the issue of the community cannot be left out in determining whether dentistry or any other occupation qualifies as a profession. This is because of the social contract that every professional has with public he or she serves. The social contract is clear though not in written form; it tends to dictate over all other functions relating any profession involving provision of services to the public. The advantage of the community responsibility approach is that it underpins the majority of other characteristics (Welie, 2004). The code of conduct as a major characteristic in the classification of any occupation as a profession which revolves around provision of services to the community in a responsible and accountable manner. Based on the community responsibility criterion, a profession must satisfy an indispensable social need and be based upon well established and socially acceptable scientific principle. This criterion supports the notion that the professional status is besto wed on an individual by the public. Â  The advantage of using this criterion revolves around compelling workers or individuals referring themselves as professionals to internalize the conceptualization that their actions are subject to the public scrutiny and approval (Welie, 2004). As a result, professionals are expected to conduct themselves in a manner that is acceptable to the community. This also ensures that people bearing the title professional execute their role in the best way possible and according.

Workers and the Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Workers and the Economy - Essay Example Leaders of trade unions bargain with the employers and negotiate on the labor contracts on behalf of the members. For Trade unions to be strong and effective, they must attain certain modes of equality, democracy, and even ecological sustainability to ensure fair shares of resources (Coulter, 2014). Trade unions should enhance democracy through union democracy. Union democracy is the governance of any trade unions. Union democracy should ensure equality during elections and also quality and fair elections. Union democracy should also ensure that the executives of that union are representing the interests of the members accurately. Trade unions should, therefore, aspire to create a democratic society because it helps build an independent civil society. An independent society helps the people and members of the union make decisions on the leaders they want (Coulter, 2014). Democracy also helps the leaders to represent the members’ interests, needs and wants. Union democracy is also very important since it aids and trains people on how they should speak for themselves and also express confidence in their communities. A democratic union makes its members free to talk to their leaders about their needs and interests. It helps the members to have a voice in the leadership of t heir unions because they can challenge any authority. Since democracy is a system of ruling that is based on a government of the people, by the people and for the people, it protects the people’s freedom and interests. Democracy is also very crucial as it helps to control the leaders of the trade unions. Democracy prevents the leaders from abusing the power that is bestowed on them and using the leadership positions for their gains. Trade unions should embrace democracy as it avoids autocratic leadership and encourages popular participation (Coulter, 2014). All the members of the union, therefore, have equal opportunities to become informed and are

Climb the Legal Ladder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Climb the Legal Ladder - Essay Example The major work behavior that the Sullivan & Cromwells pay structure will motivate is working for more hours per day. This is based on the fact that clients are charged $250 per hour, implying that if an associate works for more hours his or her salary will increase. It is appropriate for Sullivan & Cromwell to increase the salaries of the associates who joined the firm four years ago. This may include pulling back the increment for the four years or at least two years. If the salaries of new associates are increased by $20,000, I would recommend the firm to increase the salary for billable hours for other employees in the various levels. This will act as a motivation not only to other levels but also to new graduates. The Waif Street Journal writer fails to identify the experience and the number of years that the partners have worked that makes them to earn more than the associates. Based on the fact that partners are the senior employees, the high level of salaries will act as a motivation even though the disparity on the amount of salary between the partners and the associates needs to be reduced. There lacks any parallel between Merrill Lynchs FA’s and SVPl’s and highly paid Sullivan & Cromwell partners salaries. One of the implications of the changes to bonuses is that there will be a disparity in the pay structure. For example, in the current pay structure the difference between the eighth-year associates and the early-career associates is $105. After the change is implemented, the difference will stand at $20. This implies that eighth-year associates will be paid less as compared to other levels. Lisagor and Frank (1989) argues that such reduction of bonuses would make the employees at the upper level to be demotivated thus lowering the performance of the firm. As a result of the firm’s low performance, the company may lack the ability to

The Glands Menagerie Essay Example for Free

The Glands Menagerie Essay A Streetcar Named Desire was written by Tennessee Williams in 1947, eliciting the most critical commentary of any of his works, as well as being highly divisive: upon its release, one reviewer defined it as the product of an almost desperately morbid turn of mind1; George Jean Nathan criticised the unpleasant2 nature of the play, calling it The Glands Menagerie'3. Williams focus on realism, and the subsequent omission of clear-cut protagonists and antagonists in Streetcar, also drew glowing reviews, from the pre-eminent theatre critic Brook Atkinson, for example, who called Williams a genuinely poetic playwright whose knowledge of people is honest and thorough4. This difference in opinion does not stop at subjective criticism of the play, but even the specific genre which Streetcar falls into. Many assume it to be a tragedy of some type, and there is indeed much to commend this view. However, the ambiguous nature of many aspects of the play and Williams inclusion of alternate dramatic devices has led many to believe that Streetcar should not be classified as a tragedy, but as a melodrama. In any tragedy, the tragic protagonist is of vital importance: everything is centred on the protagonist, their flaw and subsequent downfall. However, in Streetcar, there is large uncertainty as to who this tragic protagonist actually is. This equivocacy may be observed in the difference in artistic opinion between the plays original director, Elia Kazan, and the plays second director, Harold Clurman. Elia Kazan was a close friend of Tennessee Williams, who told him to ensure that Blanche (had) the understanding and compassion of the audience without creating a black-dyed villain in Stanley5. Indeed, from his directors private notebook, published in 1976, it is clear that Kazans sympathies lie with Stanley, who he sees as defending his household against the corrupting influence of Blanche: for instance, Stanleys seemingly crude violation of Blanches belongings in an attempt to find legal papers and his later physical violation of her person would have been justified in Kazans eyes, as the social incorrectness of Blanches intrusion into his domestic kingdom and subsequent undermining of his authority and values (Well if youll forgive me hes common! He acts like an animal Stanley Kowalski survivor of the Stone Age! , Dont hang back with the brutes! ) outweighs the respective incorrectness of his retaliatory actions (Come to think of it maybe you wouldnt be bad to interfere with ). As such, Kazans direction dictated that Stanley be the victim of Blanches actions. It was even reported that some members of the audience cheered the rape of Blanche in Kazans production, with critic Signi Falk noting the waves of titillated laughter (which) swept over the audience 6. In direct opposition to Kazan, Clurman reallocated the role of victim to Blanche, positing that Streetcar portrays the crushing of sensitivity (Blanche) by brute force (Stanley), therefore portraying the rape as such instead. These contradictory interpretations illustrate the crucial problem in labelling Streetcar as a tragedy, at least in a strictly Aristotelian sense: there is no singular, defined hero or heroine, both can be interchangeably depicted as victim or antagonist. There is even discussion as to whether Stanley and Blanche represent either. Williams himself seems to support this: I dont want to focus guilt or blame on any one character but to have it a tragedy of misunderstanding and insensitivity to others 7. This has only confirmed the ambiguous nature of the play, fuelling and perpetuating the uncertainty surrounding it and taking it even further away from the Aristotelian tragic ideal. Additionally, Aristotle dictated that tragedy should chart the demise of a great person, as he argued that their cataclysmic downfall due to hamartia would evoke higher pathos in the audience; Williams focuses instead upon the demise of people in the dregs of society, ensuring that there is no way that Streetcar could possibly be considered to be a strictly classical tragedy. However, it is still possible to identify aspects of classical tragedy in Streetcar, which further heightens the vagueness surrounding the genre which Streetcar finds itself in. There is, for example, evidence of anagnorisis leading to peripateia, a tragic device which Aristotle considered to be the mark of a superior tragedy: In Scene Three, after Stanley beats Stella and realises the error of his ways, he breaks into sobs and telephones Eunice, who has taken Stella in, in an attempt to talk to (his) baby, to no avail. This is arguably Stanleys lowest point, as Stanley has alienated Stella, leading to one of the iconic moments in American drama: Stanleys heaven-splitting cry of STELLL-AHHHHH! an outburst of animal desperation. This moment, then (if Streetcar is considered to be a battle between Blanche and Stanley for Stellas affections), is a victory for Blanche. However, in Scene Ten, the roles are reversed: Blanches telephone call for help is unsuccessful, and she is arguably at her lowest point of the play here, as Stanley shatters all her illusions and pretensions (Not once did you pull any wool over this boys eyes! ), uncovering her multitude of lies, which makes Blanche face the reality of the threat Stanley poses to her (i. e. anagnorisis). So, while it is plain that Streetcar is by no means a classical tragedy, it does include facets of tragedy as defined by Aristotles Poetics. There is perhaps a more credible case for Streetcar being a tragedy in a slightly broader sense: that is to say, encompassing the characteristics of modern domestic tragedy. Arthur Miller summed up the essence of domestic tragedy in his work Tragedy and the Common Man: It is time, I think, that we who are without kings, took up this bright thread of our history (tragedy) and followed it to the only place it can possibly lead in our time the heart and spirit of the average man 8. The conclusion of Brook Atkinsons review of the opening night reflected this sentiment: Out of poetic imagination and ordinary compassion (Williams) has spun a poignant and luminous story9. Miller argued against the Aristotelian ideals concerning tragedy: where Aristotle believed tragic heroes had to be of high social standing (for reasons above stated), Miller proposed that tragic heroes could be formed out of the working classes. Domestic tragedies of this nature became popular in the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of writers such as Miller, portraying the breakdown of a social construct, emphasising the distortion and destruction of domestic order. Streetcar could, then, be construed as a domestic tragedy, as it portrays the demise of the social system from the old agrarian South (as represented by Blanche) and the rise of the post-war urban industrial society (as represented by Stanley). Furthermore, Streetcar concerns the fates of Blanche and Stanley in the main, Stanley being irrefutably lower class; although Blanche is not as straightforward to categorise according to class, at the beginning of the play, Blanches demise has already occurred: she has already fallen from her previously high status, having lost her estate and fortune. Therefore, although Streetcar charts her descent into insanity, it does not show her fall from a high position in society, again rejecting the Aristotelian norm. It therefore seems as though Streetcar could easily be defined as a domestic tragedy, a judgement Dan Isaac agrees with: Streetcar is a modern tragedy, and Blanche DuBois tragic flaw is hubris pride of intellect and pride of sexual prowess10 If one tragic hero can be singled out, then it is possible to find their personal hamartia, and Streetcar becomes a domestic tragedy with aspects of classical tragedy. However, one prominent feature of Streetcar has yet to be introduced into the debate, and that is the huge emphasis on melodrama and expressionism.

Methods used in conducting social research

Methods used in conducting social research Historically, it was perceived that social research could be performed objectively using positivistic techniques related to the natural sciences. Despite their ideological variations, Comte, Durkheim and Marx all perceived that natural scientific methodologies could be applied to social studies thus providing objective value free research. Yet the social sciences are divided as the objectivity of social research has been a highly contested issue within ontological schools of thought claiming that the social world cannot be explored wholly objectively. This debate was brought to the forefront when Becker who takes an interactionist perspective, claimed that it is impossible for social researchers to make values free judgements and that sociologists take sides namely that of the underdog, the oppressed and the powerless. This essay will explore the concept of objectivity within social research by giving a historical account of social theory before critically analysing the claim that th e objectivity of the social researcher is fatally compromised when he or she takes sides. The Becker/Gouldner debate will be critically addressed before analysing the notion of public sociology. Before addressing the debate, the historical significance of social theory must be addressed as there is a long history regarding issues of objectivity, and value free research. Prior to World War Two, social research was dominated by the paradigm of positivism. Philosophers such as Comte (1798-1857) strongly affirmed that methods applied to the natural sciences such as physics should be applied to the study of social behaviour (Benton Craib, 2001). The positivist perspective placed great emphasis on the objectivity of social research, accepting Science as the only general form of knowledge that produces reliable social scientific knowledge that can be generated into theory applicable to social behaviour within society (Benton Craib, 2001: 23). Moreover, like the natural sciences it requires both logical and empirical support. Causal relationships can be identified and truths can be falsified thus, positivist sociology assumes that law-like generalisations can be derived from socia l research Pedraza (2002: 75). Postivism was widely accepted throughout the nineteenth centuary as science was assumed to be the highest form of knowledge, thus by applying the methodologies of the natural science to the newborn social sciences allowed for some level of acceptance. As far as objectivity is concerned, positivist methodological approaches claim that objectivity is an ideal that is attainable, as the social realtiy of society can be observed it without any antecedents. As a result, the aim of the social scientist is to be exogenously detached from the research subject. Although not positivists,both Durkeim and Marx both ascertained that social research could be studied using natural science techniques therefore obtaining objectivity. Although not a positivist himself, Durkheim drew upon positivistic methods in his study of suicide using statistical data to identify patterns of causal relationships. (REF) Turning to Weber (WEBERREF) changed the direction of social research claiming that although social research should be value free, obtaining completely objective research was impossible. This is simply because researchers are subjective humans. Weber coined the term value free sociology and urged that sociologists need to be unconfined by personal values if it was to make a positive contribution towards society. Weber recognised that personal values would to some extent influence research topics but encouraged objectivity in exploring a topic once chosen. For Weber, value freedom is then a non-judgemental analysis of society in its own terms. Although Weber advocated this approach to social research, it must be acknowledged that values can enter research in a variety of ways ranging from the choice of research area, formulation of the research question; methodology including data collection, analysis of data; interpretation of data and overall conclusions (Bryman, 2008). Following from Weber the epistemological position of positivism has been overtly critiqued by various theorists, particularly those who take an ontological, interpretivist stance. For example, Becker (1964: 245) argues that, there is no position from which sociological research can be done that is not biased in one way or another. Therefore, social research cannot be completely objective as researchers can unknowingly contaminate their exploration of an issue with values developed throughout their own biography. Furthermore, Becker (1964) claims that, sociologists must either write from the position of a superordinate or from that of a subordinate (Lawson, 1991: 591). In addressing this claim, Becker (1964) discusses the credibility of hierarchy which explores the notion that social groups whom are perceived to be superior within a given society are in a position of power that can define the rules of society. The exclusivity of the natural sciences within society is an example of thi s. Becker (1964: 242) goes on to surmise that sociologists challenge this rule by refusing to acknowledge the established status order in which it is surmised that the truth of knowledge is unequally distributed. Therein, Becker suggests that social research should focus on the underdog in order to reform knowledge distribution. This is similar to the view that has been taken up by feminists such has Hartstock (2004: 7) who place emphasis on relativist standpoint theories whereby knowledge is shaped by power relations, that it is socially situated. Therefore those oppressed can give the best account fo the internal workings of their group. Hartstock (2004) attains that prior to feminist sociology, research disciplines and public policy did not account for women as group with their own knowledge. For Hartsock (2004), any social research that does not address the unequal distribution of knowledge, is therefore, potentially skewed. Thus drawing upon the Marxist notion of historic materialism standpoint theorists such as Hartstock (2004) and Harding (DATE) chose to address this with the aim of exercising social research from the position or standpoint of women. It can be surmised from this perspective that it is therefore it is impossible for a social researcher to extract themselves from power relations in thei r own situation. Therefore the feminist approach strongly advocates that objectivity should not be the primary aim of a social investigation. Rather, it is important for researchers to adopt a stance and consider how their values will influence their research. In addition, it should be recognised that feminist researchers shape the results of their analyses no less than do those of sexist and androcentric researchers. The objectivist stance should be avoided as it attempts to make the researchers cultural beliefs and practices invisible, while simultaneously skewering the research objects, beliefs and practices to the display board (Harding, 1987:9). What are the arguments against this? GOULDNER Gouldner is in consensus with Becker that social research cannot be value free yet he openly criticises Beckers claiming that Becker does not address the reasons why sociologists are more inclined to take the side of the underdog. Furthermore Gouldner asserts that is not always the case, the manner which some sociologists conceive the value-free doctrine disposes them to ignore current human problems and to huddle together like old men seeking mutual warmth. This is not our job, they say, and if it were we would now know enough to do it. (Gouldner, 1973: 13) It is clear that subjectivity poses a severe limitation for the positivist objective approach to social research. For Gouldner, however, the positivist approach posed another extensive problem, it was useful to those young, or not so young, men who live off sociology rather than for it, and who think of sociology as a way of getting ahead in the world by providing them with neutral techniques that may be sold on the open market to any buyer (Gouldner, 1973: 12). In others word Gouldner saw self interest as a powerful motivator the outcome of research being affected by the context in what it is undertaken. Thus the social researcher is not necessarily on the side of the underdog. In laymen terms Lawson (1991) suggests that the crux of this debate is the question of whether sociologists are allied with the state, accepting the state as the overall authority or should they adapt a more ethical, moral role in addressing social problems of society. Ultimately social researchers are divided by this dilemma that as Gouldner suggests, depends on the social context of the researcher. What Gouldner recognises is that the attempt of sociologists to draw upon the natural sciences to obtain an objective approach does not entirely fit with social studies and that the institutions in which professional sociologists consult such as government, academia and business can have a profound effect on a researchers values. Parsonian sociologists such as Haak (1994) and Hammersely (2000) are critical on views promoted by Becker and Gouldner arguing that that the politicisation of social research is not only misguided, but inherently dangerous, and that an intelligent and sceptical commitment to the principles of objectivity and value neutrality must remain an essential feature of social research (back cover). Hamersley (2000) promotes the idea of value-free, objective social research placing emphasis on academia as the key institution to producing knowledge. Yet the University as a place for producing knowledge itself is under threat. This can be demonstrated by addressing the tragedy of the anticommons. ANTICOMMONS 300 In response to Hardings Tragedy of the Commons whereby a resource is exploited by overuse, (HellerRosenburg1998)) address the notion of the anticommons where upstream and downstream technologies are compatible for the development of a new product yet the technology is patentable and ownership is fragmented thus the price of the new product becomes high and its consumption ends up being small or there is a gridlock in the development of the products EXAMPLE OF ANTICOMMONS This is not objective research if the notion is to make profit 250 This situation can be directly perceived by examining changes within university systems. For example, in Japan, national universities that conduct public research have transitioned to University Corporations by which there is an emphasis in profiteering from any innovations it may develop (Nishijima, 2004). According to Nishijima (2004) the Japanese ministry of education has advocated universities to acquire patents of innovations and to partake in research activities with private organisations such as corporations. through establishing Technology License Office for the past few years. The transition of National University to University Corporation implies that results of basic research will suddenly change from public goods to private goods and that the anticommons problem will emerge in the product innovation where basic research and development of new products are complementary. In the case of National University, there seems no consensus (no argument so far) on how economists should formulate the objective function of national university.10 Even if we assume that national university behaves as if it maximized a particular objective function such as probability of research success subject to budget and other constraints, equilibrium variables of national university will not be far from those arbitrarily given, as long as the particular objective function is not convincing. Therefore we have no choice but to exogenously give particular values to variables Thus as Oliver (1992) ascribes, social research are sometimes forced to take sides as funding bodies are not willing to take risks and support user-controlled research. The point that Gouldner (1973) puts across is that sociology should focus on social change therefore it must take sides. Essentially, Marx emphasised the need for social research to contribute to social change, The Standpoint of the old materialism is civil society; the stand point of the new is human society, or social humanity. The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it. (Eastman, 1935) like Marx, Gouldner (1973) believed that sociology should count towards human emancipation thus Gouldner became a strong believer in public sociology. REFLEXIVITY 300 The notion of reflexivity. Researchers must give an indication of the purpose of their research and how they have come to partake in such research This illustrates some of the factors that can affect social research. Namely, the need for profit. PARSONIAN SOCIOLOGY ARGUES FOR EPISTIMOLICAL RESEARCH DISCUSS!! BURAWOY PUBLIC SOCIOLOGY DISTINCTION BETWEEN THOSE THAT ACT AND THOSE WHO DONT As Burawoy (2005: 324) asserts the possibility for public sociology comes from sociologys spontaneous connection to its reflexive relation with civil society. Burawoy clearly recognises that sociology in itself is a reflexive paradigm and suggests that it clearly needs to move from ideological theory to commitment to action. In a sense Burawoy (2005: 325) advocates that social research must take sides claiming like Marx and Gouldner that society should place human society or social humanity at its organising centre. 200 words Whilst this debate continues, a few conclusions can be drawn from this essay. Firstly, it is near impossible for social researchers to complete value free research. There are several factors that account for this. Namely as Gouldner asserts, the social context in which research is conducted. Secondly, It would seem that social research is clearly divided by professional and public sociology. Thus it is not a case of whether or not to take sides but more a case of which side our values empower us to choose. Those inclined towards professional sociology may attain that objectivity is not compromised whereas those inclined towards public sociology may recognise that it can be and even more so, that it is necessary to evoke humanitarian changes.

To Be, or Be Two Essay -- Essays Papers

To Be, or Be Two Imagine walking down the street, or seeing someone on the television and think they look just like you, or someone you know. As much as they may look like you, you pretty much know there is no relationship between you and the look-alike. However, in today's day and age, it is nearly possible that the look-alike is really a clone of you. Now of course, it is not this simple, but the point is, with science today, cells, and eventually people, are being cloned. These actions of cloning are for both human and therapeutic purposes. Cells are being cloned for the sake of fertility reasons, and to grow cells for new organs. Is this right? I personally disagree with the fact of cloning human embryos for the purpose of creating new people. I feel it is morally wrong, as well as a disadvantage for the clone of the person. Supporting my argument is research from Gary McCuens' Cloning: Science and Society, and an article from The Ithaca Journal, "Stem Cells Grow from Clones, Contro versial Reports Show." While reading Gary McCuens' Cloning: Science and Society, I came across points both for and against cloning human embryos. No matter how hard I tried to read his points with an open mind, I was not able to bring myself to terms with the reasons for cloning human embryos. A major reason some people feel it is acceptable to clone human embryos is for the benefits of infertile couples (13). These embryos would be transported through the process of in vitro fertilization, but they would not be like typical in vitro fertilization processes. Since many in vitro births do not succeed, researchers have found that it may be possible to clone the in vitro embryos and allow the couple to have more chances a... ...ve no benefit to anyone. I feel it leads to a child feeling like they are not good enough because they are not who they are expected to be. I also feel it leads to guilt within the child, and a feeling of failure. The child is always going to feel like they were not able to live up to the standards predetermined by society. A child has the right to be their own person. I feel cloning the human embryo is not necessary because society has managed to survive thus far without it, why not continue that way? I feel every child has the right to be who they want to be, they should not have to duplicate the life of someone who already lived it. Works Cited McCuen, Gary E. Cloning: Science and Society. Wisconsin: Gary McCuen Publications, 1998. Neus, Elizabeth. "Stem Cells Grow From Clones, Controversial Report Shows." The Ithaca Journal 27 April 2001.

Business Research Methodology & Quantitative Statistics Essay

The nature of business breed conflicts, obstacles and problems to discover, study and overcome. Every business has problems. They may be small or big problems in small businesses or global corporations, but they are still problems and all require attention. These businesses must address problems by identifying, analyzing and ultimately establishing their own research-based decisions and pursue actions for solutions to the problems. Business supervisors, managers and virtually all realms of leadership are constantly studying and analyzing such business issues. Organizational leadership is intimately involved in different forms of Business Research while they are addressing issues in their decision making processes towards their own business environment for the good of the company. The purpose of this paper is to apply a critical evaluation of the California InterContinental University (CalU) GRC 605, Mini Project for week one in the Business Research Methodology & Quantitative Statistics course (CalU, 2012). This paper will address the importance of business managers embracing the concept that research initiatives are vital to achieve and maintain a competitive business advantage. Discussion in this paper includes general and specific definitions of good and bad forms or research. Finally, this paper will explain the Research Process and provide relevant examples. Explain the Importance of Research The saying goes that those who ignore history are doomed to repeat it. The business leadership may be highly educated and accomplished in their specific industry. However, failure to keep up with business research in the industry they are operating in may result in missed opportunities to increase or even maintain optimum company revenue. Knowledge of business research resources allows business managers to be aware of successes and failures in their industry and can prevent making the same mistakes and enhance the propensity for success. Trends, processes, failures, successes and best practices in their business arena are all salient business insights research may provide. Savvy business managers have a healthy understanding of the virtues of business research and the Research Methods. Training in business research and research methods helps managers become cognizant of the complex nature of business situations. Bougie and Sekaran (2009) suggest the value of research training also enables manager to see through and reject overly simplistic answers to complex issues. Successful business managers study the pros and cons of all potential courses of action before making decisions. They will pursue targeted reviews of other Like-Industry Research findings, which assist these business Decision Makers (DM) in determining if research other than their own Primary findings may be of value as a form of positive or negative implementation for an internal evaluation process and business strategy. Accomplished DMs recognize the importance of Knowledge of Research tools and Methodology in the decision making process. Therefore, successful business DMs pursue the knowledge of research to better control, predict and understand events in their environments to make informed managemen t decisions (Bougie & Sekaran, 2009). Define â€Å"Good† Research Bougie & Sekaran (2009) emphasize the business industry recognized Good Research methods as those, which focus DMs on the multitude of variables in a business problem. Good research follows a focal point on the multi-causality and multi-finality of a given business event to assist in avoiding uninformed, simplistic thoughts of one variable causing another. Successful DMs acknowledge professional research project results originating from their own organizations primary research resources will aide them in the essential action plans with known propensities of success in their decisions. Good research is a bottom-line essential decision-making tool for DMs use (Gorelick, 1993). Good business research involves the use of scientific inquiry into a specific problem, which demands a sound solution for the DMs consideration. Good research requires a logical, step-by-step methodology that is both purposeful and rigorous to ensure a valid end-product. The scientific investigation process and DMs conclusions are essential aspects of an effective problem-solving course of action. Codes of conduct or business research ethics are paramount to the validation of good business research. Data collection, analysis, reporting and dissemination are all salient aspects of good research products, which must be conducted under business research ethical standards recognized in journals and professional publications devoted to the issue of business research ethics. Ethical issues must be addressed with industry standards and superintendence by industry watchdogs for the conduct of business research (Bougie & Sekaran, 2009). Explain the Research Process with Examples Bougie & Sekaran (2009) advance the Hypothetico-deductive research business research model. This Scientific Research method provides a systematic approach for basic and managerial problem solving through a seven-step process. The first step identifies a broad problem area such as a business’s drop in sales, which prompt the DM to initiate the business research project. The second step addresses a general objective of the business research with a well-defined problem statement. This step includes gathering preliminary information through interviews on topics intimately associated with the business environment or conducting a literature review to determine the extent to which the business problem has been exploited. The third step develops a hypothesis by fleshing out, identifying and testing probable variables that are causing the problem, and with gathered information, a prediction is made. A hypothesis follows the frame of an IF/THEN proposal. The primary trait of a hypothesis is that something can be tested and that those tests can be replicated (Zimmerman, 2012). An example of a hypothesis to the problem statement of declining sales may include overpricing as the reason why the business sales are dropping. Determining measures for testing the hypothesis is the fourth step in the business research process. Variables must be measurable or the hypothesis is not testable. The fifth, sixth and seventh steps in the business research method includes; data collection, data analysis and data interpretation. These include selecting the best method for gathering the data, analysis the gathered data to test the hypothesis and finally study the results of the business research project to determine if the hypothesis was correct or refinement of theories and testing is prudent. DMs can then take the results and determine management business decision courses of action (Bougie & Sekaran, 2009). Conclusion Business research is an essential tool that equips organizational leadership with the knowledge that guides informed decisions, grounded in the scientific process to address the business problems. Being educated in the research method process is a hallmark of a modern, successful, professional business manager. Knowing and believing that business problems have problem-solving processes, allow these business managers to proactively identify business problems and address them with strategies to overcome dilemmas before they reach a critical point. Today’s DMs turn to professional business research journals to study problems other industry competitors faced. That along with employing successful business practices, or best methods other industry organizations have used, may work to avoid problems in their own situation. A major factor for the business manager’s consideration is deciphering both good business research project reports and those not validated through the scientific method. In such, leaders may make calculated business decisions with full knowledge of all the risks and advantages involved. Their research knowledge provides sound insight of foreseeable probabilities resulting from the decision – eyes wide open. Further, a well-read, well-trained business manager is savvy to internal and external vested interests that may attempt to exert or advocate their decision preferences, which may be flawed or prejudiced. Practical experience and formal, scientific education and training in the business research field provide the business manager with the best possible combination for calculated, informed senior business decision making (Bougie & Sekaran, 2009). References Bougie, R., Sekaran, U. (2009). Research and markets: Research Methods for Business – A skill Building Approach. (5th Ed). John Wiley & sons Ltd Publishing. California InterContinental University. (2010, Jun 16). Study Guide, GRC 605, Research and Markets: Research Methods for Business – A Skill Building Approach, 5th ed. Gorelick, D. (1993). Good Research has Obvious – and Not So Obvious Benefits. Marking News, 27(19), 16-16. Retrieved 14 January 2013 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/216424702?accountid=35996 Zimmerman, Kim Ann. â€Å"What is a Scientific Hypothesis? | Definition of Hypothesis | LiveScience .† Science News – Science Articles and Current Events | LiveScience . Live Sciences, 10 July 2012. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. .

Debbie Spring’s “The Kayak” Essay

The story ‘The Kayak’ interprets the life of a 16 year old girl, Theresa, who is still yet a baby. Her desire of becoming a woman remains unfulfilled un till she meets a boy named Jamie. When I read the story, so much sympathy for Theresa arose inside me. I feel closest to Theresa in comparison with the other two characters. When I was reading this story I was thinking about the level of patience Theresa has towards life, after what she has been through. Theresa is very insecure, dependant and helpless. As you read this story, you will come to see why Theresa is insecure. â€Å"This is my special place. Out here, I feel secure† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 33) Theresa’s special place is in water where she feels secure but on land, it is the total opposite. Another reason that proves my point is â€Å"I’m not used to talking to a guy, I never had a boyfriend, who would be interested in me?† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). This shows that Theresa had low self-esteem, caused by the condition of life has bestowed upon her by taking away the power from her legs. Theresa is so used to her insecurity that no matter what the circumstances are, her insecurity will pop up and take control. â€Å"Jamie puts his hand on my shoulder ‘Would you like to join me and my friends at a campfire tonight?’ ‘I don’t need pity’ I retort.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 37). Theresa thinks that nothing good can happen to her because of her past. When something is happening well, she will feel as if it too good to be true and thus ignore or hide from it. That is why Theresa’s insecurity is one of the most noticed character traits in the story. Along with insecurity, readers also perceive dependence as one of Theresa’s character traits. She feels incomplete on land and nothing is in her control, but yet as she gets closer into the ware pieces of puzzle seem to come into place to complete her. â€Å"The blue boat is an extension of my legs, I can do anything, I can go anywhere, totally independent, totally in control of myself.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak  .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 33). In the water Theresa is woman, a heroine who can save the life of others, while on land she can barely take care of her own self. † ‘Thanks for saving my skin’ Jamie says. ‘Next time, wear a lifejacket.’ Jamie doesn’t’t flinch. ‘You’re right. That was dumb.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). In various parts of the story, you can observe that no matter how Theresa wanted to rid herself from being dependent on her parents all the time, the trap doesn’t’t let her free. â€Å"My arms ache, I don’t want to go back to shore. Nobody lets me grow up. My parents treat me like a baby. I’m 16 years old, to old to pampered, already a woman.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 33). Theresa would love nothing more than being able to feel land, what she feels on water. Helplessness is another character trait of Theresa. Helplessness is the worst you can feel because you want to do something under any situation whatsoever, but you just are not able to do so. Theresa does feel helpless in the story a lot. â€Å"Half the kayak is on land, the rest in the water, I feel trapped, like a beached whale.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). After reading this sentence, I felt the depth of her pain and how it tortures her everyday, yet being able to do nothing to help her self. â€Å"I see my parents waving from shore. My father runs in the ware to help. Everything happens really fast, he takes control.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 36). She feels so helpless because she is not able to walk, so her father has to come funning to help her. Another place in the story she feels helpless is â€Å"My eyes water. Through tears, I see two images of me. The helpless child on land and the independent woman on water.† (Spring, Debbie Language and writing 9 -The Kayak .International1 Thomson Publishing, 1999, 37). That sentence shows that not only the readers conceive her helpless but she does also. I think that the author Debbie Spring did a pretty good job in expressing Theresa’s characteristics. This story ‘The Kayak’ also sprinkles around most aspects of life along with hinting out a big moral. It has some many  interesting lessons, a person can conceive such as the relationship between a parent and a child, how to overcome you biggest pains in life, in being able to let go and moving on, to see the bright side of life, seeing the glass half full and etc. I think that Theresa is a really brave and emotional character. Debbie Spring made us see everything by Theresa’s perspective, the way she feels by using first person narrator. I think if she would have done it otherwise, such as 2nd or 3rd person narrator to tell the same story, it wouldn’t’t have been as interesting as this on.

The Health Sector In Bahrain Health And Social Care Essay

The chief intent of this study is to garner some concrete informations about the wellness sector in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study chiefly high spots and addresses two of the most significant subjects, like Employability accomplishments and accomplishments spread in the wellness sector. Furthermore, the study will place the functions of the employees and the impact that they have left in the wellness community. Additionally, a quantitative information about the wellness sector will be elaborated through an up-dated statistical diagram. This study will educate people and do them aware about the wellness sector and promote them to derive accomplishments for success in this of import sector.Footings of MentionThis study was requested from several coachs in the university, chiefly from the Academic Skills, IT, and the English coach. The study is due on the 17th of June ; this study will finally be evaluated and assessed by the abovementioned coachs.MethodThe procedure was chiefly done through an accurate Internet use ( authorities web site, educational web site ) . Besides some information was picked up from booklets of the Ministry of wellness every bit good as from local newspapers. The information gathered was later confirmed by a personal meeting with public functionary.FindingssHealth sector in BahrainThe wellness sector is an indispensable fundamental for all states ; this system should be served and provided even if a state is non good developed. Every state should reform its basic wellness resources to suit its public demands of wellness attention demands by offering full best available installations i.e. Hospitals, private nursing place, medical and dental pattern work, ambulance transit, complementary medical specialty and other different human wellness activities. In Bahrain the health care sector has been identified as an untapped economic country, whereby it has opened doors for international companies that can distribute wellness attention services and merchandises in a wider scope. www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary? health+care+sectorServicess of wellness sector in BahrainThe Kingdom of Bahrain is working towards making a healthy state by kick offing medical services and supplying a comprehensive health care system to its public. In drumhead the authorities of Bahrain has fundamentally implemented a strategic educational program, to develop this sector by leting Bahraini pupils to analyze abroad and pattern their profession. Another major subscriber to the docket is the medical college of wellness scientific disciplines ‘ which is edifice and developing a future coevals of professionals, who are equipped with advanced and latest cognition. This college patterns the latest surgical developments such as keyhole surgery and conveyance surgery. Furthermore, full medical health care installations are available through private and public systems, which include: Three full service private infirmaries staffed by both Bahraini and non Bahraini professionals ‘ covering with the diagnosing and intervention of disease. Four authorities infirmaries 19 authorities wellness centres Five authorities pregnancy infirmaries Numerous private forte clinics The Health system in Bahrain provides besides full insurance coverage for both private and public sectors, ( BIME staff 2004 ) .The betterment of wellness sector in BahrainBahrain has achieved success in supplying an impressive wellness system. Harmonizing to Mr. Abdul Hakeem Ali Alhayki, the wellness sector in Bahrain grew drastically and evidently because of the important addition of the state ‘s population, which later increased the figure of private and authorities infirmaries during the past twosome of old ages, to supply and suit more medical services. ( personal communicating, May 6, 2010 ) . The colleges of wellness scientific discipline have graduated nurses and extremely qualified professionals who were recruited instantly in assorted infirmaries in the land. In add-on, Bahrain has an efficient inoculation plans which keeps catching diseases under control and the infective diseases of childhood have been about eradicated. The development of the wellness services in Bahrain were besides encouraged by its close Nabors ( Arab GCC states ) Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, which have contributed in sums of us $ 50 million and us $ 58 million in 2003 and 2004, to fundamentally better the medical system in the part, ( WHO 2010 ) . As a consequence of the wellness development, the citizens of Bahrain are holding an advanced degree of wellness services today, and the life mean anticipation for both sexes have increased dramatically from being 58 old ages old during the period 1965-1971 to 73.98 old ages in 2004 ( 71.52 old ages for males and 76.51 old ages for females ) . Health talkers in Bahrain are considered to be the best in the part, as this information was officially authenticated by the universe ‘s wellness organisation, ( BIME staff 2004 ) .Skills spread in the wellness sector in BahrainThe wellness sector in Bahrain demands for more extended alterations, as the economic system and labour market in Bahrain is turning of course. Therefore, this sector requires a batch of attention to supply greater wellness services non merely for Bahrain but besides to neighbour gulf states and chiefly to keep the county ‘s future model traveling frontward. However, this sector has a batch of accomplishments lacks that need to be tackled and rectified consequently. Harmonizing to Mr. Abdul Hakeem Ali Alhayki, some of the identified accomplishments spreads in this sector are as follow: Disaster Management skills – including ambulatory and exigency services accomplishments. The Medical Sector in peculiar faces deficit of nursing accomplishments. Cardinal Skills – for illustration Arabic and English communicating accomplishments are required, ( personal communicating, May 6, 2010 ) . To cast more visible radiation on the above mentioned facts, I believe that the wellness sector growing chances in Bahrain could be impacted by a deficit of nursing Skills, harmonizing to the Royal College of sawboness in Ireland, one of the universe ‘s prima international medical schools. The Bahraini wellness sector is turning quickly but this growing could be affected by the deficiency of trained nurses from national populations. Therefore, the Kingdom of Bahrain has late opened this college to guarantee that the Medical University in Bahrain covers a comprehensive platform and to efficaciously back up the development of this underserved accomplishment. ( BIME staff 2004 ) . Furthermore, there is a strong demand for medical professionals to acquire sensitized with simple elements in their profession. Doctors should fundamentally cognize how to manage patients with better hearing accomplishments, interpersonal accomplishments, and communicating accomplishments. There is no uncertainty that they are first-class at their proficient accomplishments ( i.e. medical profession accomplishments ) , but on the other manus they should larn how to manage patients by utilizing basic cardinal communicating accomplishments i.e. ( Arabic & A ; English ) . As patients come from assorted states and effectual hearing will assist to understand the job better. ( Soft accomplishments in medical, 2008 ) The chief causes of those obstructions and challenges are being addressed by authorities functionaries, as they are cognizant of those cardinal challenges and they are seeking to turn to them through their strategic program, which was implemented in 2007-2010, such as: â€Å" Stagnating rewards. Standards of life. Low accomplishments development. Expansion of the lower category. Business public presentation. Wayss of implementing enforcement and standardisation. † ( Gulf daily intelligence, 2010 )Occupations in the wellness sectorThe director in the wellness sectorMentioning to Mr. Abdul Hakeem Ali Alhayki, said that director is the individual responsible of directing and pull offing his employees, supplying and forming preparation plans for the staff to be effectual and efficient. For illustration, a nurse director supervises and evaluates employees, and works with patients to supply aid for wellness attention ( personal communicating, May 6, 2010 ) . Directors ‘ occupation involves interaction and communicating with others with a immense figure of issues under hard fortunes. Besides the director has other missions and responsibilities such as oversing all countries of infirmary, including doctors, wellness information technicians, nursing, medical records and etc, ( Education-portal 2010 ) . Furthermore, the accomplishments required to transport out the occupation of infirmary director are interchanging information, processing paperwork, commanding public presentation, planning, co-coordinating, encouraging, and pull offing struggles, ( Human Resources Institute1990 ) . The impact of the director in the wellness sector is to accomplish the wellness sector ends by engaging and choosing the most qualified and good experient physicians and nurses that are capable to present quality services to the patients.The seller in the wellness sectorMarketer is a individual who ‘s responsible of advertisement and advancing the merchandises and services that are offered by the well-thought-of entity. As Mr. Abdul Hakeem Ali Alhayki said, the sellers are involved in educating people about the effects of misapplying drugs by puting up educational promoting runs ( personal communicating, May 6, 2010 ) . Besides sellers are the front face of a company, as this function requires a batch of accomplishments and makings. Every selling officer should hold first-class and influential communicating accomplishments to fundamentally interact with clients in a really efficient mode.The comptroller in the wellness sectorAn comptroller is a compulsory function in every orga nisation, as they are qualified and trained for clerking, Auditing and fixing the fiscal analysis of the entity The Hospital comptroller ‘s chief responsibilities are fixing fiscal documents, supplying monthly studies to fundamentally verify and guarantee whether the fiscal information generated is accurate, the comptroller besides fixing infirmaries studies and makes fiscal determinations ( 1999-2010 ehow, Inc ) . The accomplishments that are required and should be related to an comptroller are as follows: Develop fiscal and other operational systems to accurately command the fiscal activities Train and supervise accounting forces Make sound fiscal determinations and recommendations to direction in respects to professional accounting jobs. Interpret and use legal demands and administrative policies to accounting maps. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.co.monterey.ca.us/personnel/documents/specifications/20B91.pdf Harmonizing to Mr. Abdul Hakeem Ali, the comptrollers have a monolithic impact on the wellness sector because they play a major function in this field because they work together with the infirmary direction in finalising the ministry of wellness one-year budget. They besides oversee ministry ‘s entrance and outgoing disbursals ( personal communicating, May 6, 2010 ) . Without their intercession and assistance the ministry of wellness will non be able to accomplish their ends and marks.